Scarlet Fever

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What is scarlet fever?

Scarlet fever is a form of streptococcal disease, specifically group A streptococcal bacteria. Scarlet fever can be characterized by a skin rash. 

What are the symptoms?

After someone is exposed to the streptococcal bacteria it may take 1 to 3 days to show symptoms, which are:

• a very sore throat
• high fever
• headache and stomach ache
• vomiting
• glands that are swollen and tender
• swollen tonsils
• sores around the nose
• paleness around the mouth and red cheeks
• a whitish furry looking tongue that later becomes a strawberry-red colour
• a fine rash that feels like sand paper and most often appears on the neck, chest, armpits, elbow, groin, and inner surfaces of the thighs
• after 3 to 7 days the rash fades and the skin may peel 

How is it spread?

The group A streptococcus bacteria is the contagious part of the disease and is spread by direct contact with secretions from the nose and throat of an infected person or by direct contact with secretions from infected sores on the skin. Casual contact rarely results in infection. 

What is the treatment?

Group A strep infections are treated with antibiotics. After 24 hours of treatment, an infected person will no longer be contagious. Without treatment the individual can be contagious for 10 to 21 days, but in rare cases may be contagious for weeks or months.

How can scarlet fever be prevented? 

There is no vaccine for group A streptococcal infections. Good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing, proper disposal of soiled tissues and thorough cleansing of wounds and cuts, are important. Treating the fever with acetaminophen to make the individual more comfortable will help

Does my child have to be excluded from school/daycare?

The child should be excluded until 24 hours after treatment begins. The child should be well enough to participate in activities before returning. 

For more information please call Public Health at 519-376-9420 or 1-800-263-3456.