Growth and Development during the First Year of Life

 

During this very important first year babies grow dramatically, not only physically in weight and height, but developmentally. By the end of the first year of life, your helpless and dependent infant will have developed into a little person eagerly demonstrating their independence through a number of skills.

 

 

 

 

From Birth to Six Months

 

Your infant should:

 

Social Skills:                                                                       

● be starting to smile                                                           

● imitate facial expressions                                    

● mimic sounds

● babble, coo, gurgle

 

 

Emotional Development:

● begin to self soothe after crying

● be able to express various emotions eg. anger,

   sadness, happiness

● be developing a sense of  love and trust with

    caregiver(s)

 

 

Fine Motor Skills:

● put toys in their mouth

● reach for objects

● hold toys

● bat at toys/mobiles

● bang toys together

● throw toys

 

 

Gross Motor Skills:

lift head

● kick their legs

● roll over

● sit with support

● begin to crawl

● likes to bounce with support

 

 

Sensory Skills:

● like to examine and feel different

   textures/toys

● look for dropped toy

● love to hear music, listen to voices and different sounds

● like to look at faces, pictures and bright colours

● enjoy being cuddled, stroked and massaged

 

Activities to Try

 

● Lay baby on their side and practice

   rolling over onto their back

 

● Show baby their image in a mirror

 

● Put brightly coloured socks on

   baby's feet

 

● Talk to baby and imitate the sounds

   that they make

 

● Move baby's legs in a gently bicycle

   motion

 

● Give baby rattles and toys that they

   can hold onto

 

● Sing to baby

 

● Hide toys under a blanket and have

   baby look for them

 

● Read to baby

 

● Play peek-a-boo

 

● Place baby on tummy and work for

   toy slightly out of reach

 

● Practice sitting for short periods of

   time

 

Toys for the First 6 Months

 

● Mobiles

● Squeaky toys

● Rattles, Bells

● Brightly coloured blankets

● Hand puppets

● Cradle gym

● Bath toys

● Balls

● Plastic measuring spoons

● Building blocks

 

 


 

 

From Six Months to One Year

Your infant should:

 

Social Skills:

● be learning to finger feed

● drink from a cup

● imitate others actions

● say "mama" "dada"

● indicate needs using gestures

● understand simple commands

● play along side another child

 

Emotional Development:

● be very curious about their environment

● start to have mood swings and temper tantrums

● object when can not have their own way

● loving but tend to be self centered in their view of

   the world

● show separation anxiety when caregiver leaves

 

Fine Motor Skills:

● grasp objects with thumb and fore   

   finger

● hold two objects at the same time

● drop and pick up objects

● can push  pull and throw objects

 

Gross Motor Skills:

● sit unassisted

● pull to standing position

● walk holding onto furniture

● move from lying to sitting position

● crawls well

Activities to Try

 

● Read to baby

 

● Give appropriate finger foods to eat

 

● Play peek-a-boo and patty-cake

 

● Dance with baby to different kinds of

   music

 

● Encourage floor play

 

● Sing, play music and do nursery

   rhymes with your baby

 

● Let baby hold a spoon while feeding

   him

 

● Play hiding games

 

● Roll a ball back and forth with baby

 

● Play piggyback game

 

 

Toys for 6-12 months old

 

empty boxes and plastic containers of different sizes

pounding boards and pegs

stacking toys

balls

textured books

pull and push toys

puppets

blocks

pots and pans

unbreakable mirror

bath toys

simple puzzles

 

 


 

 

For more information visit the following websites:

www.investinkids.ca

www.kidshealth.com

www.zerotothree.org

 

 

Also, if you receive the Let’s Grow packages in the mail, refer them for more information.  To subscribe, visit the Let’s Grow section of our website.

 

 

 

References

 

Invest in Kids "A Resource Kit for a Child's First Five Years, Invest in Kids Foundation.

What to Expect in the First Year,  Eisenberg, Murkoff and Hathaway, Workman Publishing, New York, 1991

"Nobody's Perfect" Health & Welfare Canada.

 

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