Growth and
Development during the First Year of Life

During this very important first year
babies grow dramatically, not only physically in weight and height, but
developmentally. By the end of the first year of life, your helpless and
dependent infant will have developed into a little person eagerly
demonstrating their independence through a number of skills.
From
Birth to Six Months
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Your infant should:
Social Skills:
● be starting to
smile
● imitate facial
expressions
● mimic sounds
● babble, coo, gurgle
Emotional Development:
● begin to self soothe after crying
● be able to express various emotions
eg. anger,
sadness, happiness
● be developing a sense of love and
trust with
caregiver(s)

Fine Motor Skills:
● put toys in their mouth
● reach for objects
● hold toys
● bat at toys/mobiles
● bang toys together
● throw toys
Gross Motor Skills:
●
lift head
● kick their legs
● roll over
● sit with support
● begin to crawl
● likes to bounce with support
Sensory Skills:
● like to examine and feel different
textures/toys
● look for dropped toy
● love to hear music, listen to voices
and different sounds
● like to look at faces, pictures and
bright colours
●
enjoy being cuddled, stroked and massaged
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Activities to Try
● Lay baby on their side and practice
rolling over onto their back
● Show baby their image in a mirror
● Put brightly coloured socks on
baby's feet
● Talk to baby and imitate the sounds
that they make
● Move baby's legs in a gently bicycle
motion
● Give baby rattles and toys that they
can hold onto
● Sing to baby
● Hide toys under a blanket and have
baby look for them
● Read to baby
● Play peek-a-boo
● Place baby on tummy and work for
toy slightly out of reach
● Practice sitting for short periods of
time |
Toys for the First 6 Months
● Mobiles
● Squeaky toys
● Rattles, Bells
● Brightly coloured blankets
● Hand puppets
● Cradle gym
● Bath toys
● Balls
● Plastic measuring spoons
●
Building blocks |
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From Six Months to One Year
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Your infant should:
Social Skills:
● be learning to finger feed
● drink from a cup
● imitate others actions
● say "mama" "dada"
● indicate needs using gestures
● understand simple commands
● play along side another child
Emotional Development:
● be very curious about their
environment
● start to have mood swings and temper
tantrums
● object when can not have their own
way
● loving but tend to be self centered
in their view of
the world
● show separation anxiety when
caregiver leaves

Fine Motor Skills:
● grasp objects with thumb and fore
finger
● hold two objects at the same time
● drop and pick up objects
● can push pull and throw objects
Gross Motor Skills:
● sit unassisted
● pull to standing position
● walk holding onto furniture
● move from lying to sitting position
● crawls well
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Activities to Try
● Read to baby
● Give appropriate finger foods to eat
● Play peek-a-boo and patty-cake
● Dance with baby to different kinds of
music
● Encourage floor play
● Sing, play music and do nursery
rhymes with your baby
● Let baby hold a spoon while feeding
him
● Play hiding games
● Roll a ball back and forth with baby
● Play piggyback game
Toys for 6-12 months old
empty boxes and plastic containers of different sizes
pounding boards and pegs
stacking toys
balls
textured books
pull and push toys
puppets
blocks
pots and pans
unbreakable mirror
bath toys
simple puzzles
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For more information visit the following
websites:
www.investinkids.ca
www.kidshealth.com
www.zerotothree.org
Also, if you receive the Let’s Grow
packages in the mail, refer them for more information. To subscribe, visit
the Let’s Grow section of our website.
References
Invest in Kids "A Resource Kit for a
Child's First Five Years, Invest in Kids Foundation.
What to Expect in the First Year,
Eisenberg, Murkoff and Hathaway,
Workman Publishing, New York, 1991
"Nobody's Perfect" Health & Welfare Canada.
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